Collection context
Summary
- Creator:
- Gibson, Jack
- Abstract:
- Jack "The Rapper" Gibson was a pioneer in Black radio, as well as an innovator, a leader, and a mentor to many in the radio and music industries. His work as a Black radio deejay spanned the early days of Black radio in the 1940s through the Civil Rights Movement, and included stints at WERD-Atlanta, WLOU-Louisville, WMBM-Miami, WCIN-Cincinnati, and WABQ-Cleveland. After retiring from radio in 1961, he became a successful music industry executive working for Motown, Decca, and Stax Records. In 1976, he launched the industry magazine Jack the Rapper, the oldest Black trade publication targeted to radio, and for the next twenty years organized the annual "Jack the Rapper's Family Affair," a Black music convention drawing generations of performers and music industry executives. His professionalism, continuous fight for racial equality and justice, and endearing human qualities made him a legend in the industry. This collection documents his long career in radio and music through personal correspondence, clippings, memorabilia, photographs, publicity materials, airchecks, interviews, lecture materials, and over 500 issues of his trade magazine "Jack the Rapper's Mello Yello."
- Extent:
- 19 document cases (12 linear feet)
- Language:
- Materials are in English.
- Preferred citation:
Jack Gibson Collection, SC 14, Archives of African American Music and Culture, Indiana University, Bloomington.
Background
- Biographical / Historical:
Jack Gibson, affectionately known in the music entertainment industry as "Jockey Jack" and "Jack the Rapper," maintained a reputation of honesty, integrity and professionalism as a pioneer in Black Radio. Born in Chicago, Illinois, Gibson starred in the first radio soap opera drama to feature an all-Black cast ("Here Comes Tomorrow") on WJJD in Chicago, 1945. In October 1949, Gibson participated in opening the first Black owned and operated radio station in America, Atlanta's WERD. In 1955, he founded the first organization for Blacks in radio, The National Association of Radio Announcers (NARA). In 1961, he put his innovative mind to work and developed a new design for radio control rooms. By elevating equipment (turntables, cart machines, etc.), disc jockeys were forced to stand, thereby greatly improving their voice projection. This style of control room design was widely copied worldwide. During his broadcasting career Jack could be heard up and down the dial at WLOU-Louisville, WMBM-Miami, WCIN-Cincinnati, and WABQ-Cleveland.
In 1962, Gibson "retired" from radio and became the first National Director of Promotions and Relations for Motown Records at the request of his good friend Berry Gordy; from 1966-1969 he was the Midwest Regional Manager for Decca records; and from 1969-1972 he worked with his friend Al Bell at Stax Records in Memphis, where he served as Vice-President in charge of Special Projects and was instrumental in getting the movie soundtrack of Shaft nominated for an Oscar.
Between 1966 and 1978, Gibson worked nonstop building a reputation for himself as a total professional, yet one with endearing human qualities. These 'people qualities' made him a friend and mentor to many figures in and outside the entertainment industry. In 1976, after having established an international network throughout the industry made up of radio stations, record label presidents, artists, musicians, and promotion people, Gibson launched his Jack the Rapper magazine. The early issues had a yellow cover and became affectionately know throughout the industry as "Jack the Rapper's Mello Yello." In 1995, the magazine added "Mello Yello" to the title. The magazine is the oldest Black trade publication targeted to Black radio.
In 1977, Gibson held the first gathering of Black music industry professionals and dubbed the event "Jack the Rapper's Family Affair Convention." For the next twenty years, the Family Affair Convention was a networking and resource mecca for the Black entertainment industry.
Gibson had many other career accomplishments, including leading a successful national campaign to move the bodies of Jackie Wilson and his mother from unmarked graves to a mausoleum. He also led an international campaign to "un-ban" Stevie Wonder's records in South Africa during Apartheid. Recognized for his passion and dedication, Gibson was the recipient of countless awards. He was honored by the Smithsonian Institution for his achievements as a pioneer in Black radio, and in 1988 was inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame (Academy of Professonial Broadcasters). Gibson also appeared in numerous videos and movies including Pray with MC Hammer, Class Act with Kid 'N Play and Passenger 57 with Wesley Snipes.
Jack Gibson was more than a trailblazer in radio broadcasting; as an innovator, a leader, and mentor he was a man who changed the lives of many for the better. He is one of the foremost pioneers in Black radio and Black music, as well as a national treasure.
- Scope and Content:
The collection consists primarily of materials personally collected or produced by Jack Gibson. Included is an incomplete set of Jack the Rapper magazines from 1976-1997, a bi-weekly Black entertainment trade publication. Also included are Gibson's personal papers including articles, miscellaneous correspondence, awards and personal photographs; publicity materials including press releases and publicity photographs of primarily African American musicians from the late 1980s and early 1990s; historical photographs pertaining to Black radio; and audio and moving image materials including public speeches, interviews, and airchecks.
Note: a more complete set of Jack the Rapper magazines are stored in the IU Auxillary Library Facilty (ALF); a concordance listing all issues stored at ALF and AAAMC is on file.
- Acquisition information:
- Donated to the AAAMC by Jack Gibson and Portia K. Maultsby between 1981 and 2000.
- Processing information:
Processed by Brenda Nelson-Strauss. Completed in 2016.
- Arrangement:
Arranged in four series:
- Series 1: Serials (Jack the Rapper magazines)
- --- Subseries 1.1: Jack the Rapper, 1976-1994
- --- Subseries 1.2: Jack the Rapper's Mello Yello, 1995-1997
- Series 2: Personal Papers and Memorabilia
- Series 3: Artist Publicity Materials and Black Radio Photographs
- --- Subseries 3.1: Press Releases
- --- Subseries 3.2: Artist Publicity Photographs, 1970s-1990s
- --- Subseries 3.2: Black Radio Photographs, 1950s-1990s
- Series 4: Audiovisual Materials
- Rules or conventions:
- Describing Archives: A Content Standard
Access
- RESTRICTIONS:
-
Use of time-based media materials (audio and video) may require production of listening or viewing copies.
Access to streaming audio, moving image, and full resolution digital image materials may currently be restricted to researchers who can authenticate with an IU account or who are physically present on campus. Remote streaming to individual researchers may be allowed with the completion of applicable forms.
For further information about access to online audiovisual materials, contact AAAMC staff at aaamc@indiana.edu.
- TERMS OF ACCESS:
-
Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, including but not limited to the Indiana Public Records Act (5-14-3-2 et seq.). Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g., a cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning an individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which Indiana University assumes no responsibility.
Copyright is retained by the creators/authors of items in this collection, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. All requests for copying and publishing materials must be submitted in writing to the Archives of African American Music and Culture, and may require the written permission of the creator(s)/author(s) or donor(s).
- PREFERRED CITATION:
-
Jack Gibson Collection, SC 14, Archives of African American Music and Culture, Indiana University, Bloomington.
- CAMPUS:
- Indiana University Bloomington
- LOCATION OF THIS COLLECTION:
-
Smith Research Center, Rooms 180-1812805 East 10th StreetBloomington, Indiana 47408-2601, United States
- CAMPUS:
- Indiana University Bloomington
- CONTACT:
-
812-855-8547aaamc@iu.edu