Collection ID: SC 156
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Collection context

Summary

Creator:
Westbrooks, Logan H.
Abstract:
The collection of music industry professional Logan H. Westbrooks contains professional and personal papers, photographs, sound recordings, video recordings, digital files, posters, books, memorabilia, artifacts and other material documenting his life and work from the 1930s through the 2010s. Professional papers pertain to his employment at Capitol Records, Mercury Records, CBS Records, CBS International, Soul Train Records, Source Records, and his management firm Ascent Music Inc. Personal papers pertain to his upbringing in Memphis, TN, the Church of God in Christ, lectures at California State University and Indiana University, philanthropic activities, and civic service. Topics include African American music industry executives; record labels; recording industry in United States, Africa, and Jamaica; African American musicians; black churches; rhythm and blues, soul, jazz, and funk music; radio and African American disc jockeys.
Extent:
40 document cases (28.7 linear feet)
Language:
Materials are in English.
Preferred citation:

Logan H. Westbrooks Collection, SC 156, Archives of African American Music and Culture, Indiana University, Bloomington.

Background

Biographical / Historical:

Logan H. Westbrooks is widely recognized as one of the central figures responsible for opening the doors of the music industry to black artists and executives. Born in Memphis, Tennessee, he graduated from Booker T. Washington High School in 1955 and obtained a bachelor's degree in Business Administration in 1961 from Lincoln University (Missouri). After working for a short time as a merchandising representative for the Johnson Publishing Company (1963-1965), Westbrooks gained his initial introduction to the music industry by working for various divisions of the RCA Victor Distributing Corporation in Des Plaines, IL (1965-1967). He was hired by the Capitol Record Distribution Corporation in 1967 as the company's first African American territory salesman for their Chicago market, where he was responsible for promoting albums by black, country, and pop artists. In 1968, he was promoted to Regional Promotion Manager for the Midwest, with sole responsibility for promoting and securing airplay for all of Capitol's black music releases throughout the major urban centers of the region.

In 1970, Westbrooks left Capitol Records to serve as National (R&B) Promotion Director for Mercury Records in Chicago where he handled releases for artists such as Jerry Butler, Gene Chandler, Melba Moore, Erroll Garner, and Buddy Miles. In November 1971 he moved to CBS Records, becoming the company's first Director of Special Markets (i.e., their newly created black music division). In his book The Anatomy of a Record Company: How to Survive in the Record Business (1981), Westbrooks described his primary responsibility within CBS as the creation of "a black marketing staff to penetrate the black market." By May of 1972, he had marketed a string of number one R&B hits for CBS including "Back Stabbers" by the O'Jays, "If You Don't Know Me by Now" by Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes, and "Me and Mrs. Jones" by Billy Paul. He also served as a liaison between CBS and Harvard during the creation of Harvard's infamous report, "Study of the Soul Music Environment Prepared for Columbia Record Group" (1972), which was commissioned by Columbia as part of its efforts to capture the black consumer market.

Under Westbrooks' leadership, Columbia grew from having almost no black product in 1971 to being a leader on the black music scene by 1974—a move that included the creation of an official black music division; strengthening relations with Philadelphia International (corporate home of the songwriting and record production powerhouses, Kenneth Gamble and Leon A. Huff); and the acquisition of distribution deals with Stax, Invictus, and T-Neck Records. Beginning in 1974, Westbrooks spearheaded CBS's efforts to explore potential African markets and was named Director of Special Markets for Columbia Records International as well as Managing Executive of CBS Africa (Paris, France).

After working for three years to locate potential African artists with stateside appeal and to promote a foothold for Columbia in West Africa, Westbrooks left his position at CBS for California where he served as Vice President of Marketing for Soul Train Records (1976-1978). In 1978, he launched his own label, Source Records, producing artists such as Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes, Chuck Brown & The Soul Searchers, Rose Banks (sister of Sly Stone), and Travis Bigg (performer on several Isaac Hayes albums).

Following the close of Source Records in 1983, Westbrooks shifted his focus to philanthropy by founding the Helping Hands Home for Boys, which he operated along with his wife, Geri, for fifteen years before selling it to Boys Town USA in 1998. During this time he also became a part-time lecturer at California State University, owned and operated Westbrooks Management (1994-1996), worked as a real estate developer, served briefly as Vice President and General Manager of Black Radio Exclusive (BRE) magazine, and became a religious leader in the Church of God in Christ (COGIC) and pastor of Faith Temple in Azusa, CA.

Throughout his career, Westbrooks has paved the way for the black music industry executives who followed him and has been instrumental in promoting over 25 platinum and gold records. He is the recipient of the Outstanding Memphian Award, a Distinguished Alumni of Lincoln University, a member of the Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) Hall of Fame, and a former Ambassador for the 1997 Annual African Music Festival for Education in Senegal. He has been featured in Respect Yourself, a 2007 PBS documentary on the origin of Stax Records, and on "Make It Funky," the eighth episode of Experience Music Project's PBS series, Rock & Roll.

Scope and Content:

The Logan H. Westbrooks Collection is organized in eleven series: CBS Records, Source Records, Westbrooks Professional Management, Biographical, Photographs, Oversize Awards and Publicity, Memorabilia, Posters, Audiovisual, Indiana University Events, 2016 Accrual.

The first three series detail Westbrooks' career in the music industry and are organized by record company. The CBS Records series includes correspondence related to the establishment of the Special Markets division to promote Black music product, as well as CBS International's research on sales and marketing of records in African countries including Nigeria, Kenya, Ghana, Senegal, and Côte d'Ivoire. The second series includes business records, correspondence, and contracts related to the Source Records label founded by Westbrooks in Los Angeles, while series 3 relates to his management company, Ascent Music, and includes contacts and publicity materials for the artists he promoted.

Personal papers are included in series 4, beginning with documents pertaining to Westbrooks' early life and education in Memphis as well as his family's religious activities and involvement with the Church of God in Christ (COGIC), and Westbrooks' establishment of Faith Temple (COGIC) in Azusa, CA. Also included are lecture materials for Westbrooks' California State University course, The Anatomy of a Record Company, as well as chapter drafts and first and second editions of his book by that title. The subseries on professional and philanthropic activities includes documents related to the Helping Hands Home for Boys, established by Logan and Geri Westbrooks in Los Angeles, as well as correspondence, programs and awards related to other events and organizations.

Photographs in series 5 include prints and color slides documenting many of the activities cited in Westbrooks' professional and personal papers and are divided into 6 subseries: Music Industry Events, Church of God in Christ, Personal and Family, Artist Publicity Portraits, Slides, and 2016 Accrual. The oversize materials in series 6 and memorabilia in series 7 likewise pertain to previously mentioned facets of Westbrooks' career. The bulk of the posters in series 8 are concert posters for artists such as Parliament Funkadelic, Bootsy's Rubber Band, Rick James, Ziggy Marley, Isley Brothers, and other soul, funk, R&B, jazz and reggae musicians; some relate to artists promoted by Westbrooks.

Audiovisual materials in series 9 form a sizeable part of the collection and include commercial and non-commercial sound and video recordings, both analog and digital, the majority related to Westbrooks' music industry career. Non-commercial materials include test pressings of Source Records artists, demo recordings, radio spots, audio used in presentations by Westbrooks, and interviews with Westbrooks. Commercial recordings include LP, 45rpm, audiocassette, and CD releases by artists on Source Records as well as other labels Westbrooks was affiliated with including Mercury, Capitol, Columbia, Philadelphia International, Invictus, COGIC and Soul Train Records. Recording artists include Chuck Brown & the Soul Searchers, Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes, Candi Staton, Smash, Shalamar, Whispers, Isley Brothers, Buddy Miles, Chairmen of the Board, Billy Paul, Opus 7, Rose Banks, and Sharon Paige. Video recordings document Westbrooks' more recent activities at Indiana University as well as interviews and news coverage.

Series 10 documents Westbrooks' visit to Indiana University and his public and classroom lectures on the music industry. Included are press clippings, posters, digital images, digital audio, and digital video files. The final series includes material donated in 2016, including correspondence, awards, clippings, and programs.

Acquisition information:
Donated to the AAAMC in 2012 by Logan H. Westbrooks; annual accruals received from Westbrooks in 2013-2017. Materials related to Westbrooks 2013 visit to Indiana University were collected by the AAAMC.
Processing information:

Processed by AAAMC staff. Completed in 2018.

Arrangement:

Arranged in eleven series:

Series 1: CBS Records, 1968-1976, undated
--- Subseries 1.1: Capitol and CBS Records Special Markets, 1966-1976
--- Subseries 1.2: CBS International, 1966-1976, undated
----- Subseries 1.2.1: African Markets, Sales and Distribution, 1966-1976, undated
----- Subseries 1.2.2: Business Research, 1969-1976, 2000, undated
Series 2: Source Records, Inc., 1977-1989, undated
--- Subseries 2.1: Correspondence, 1979-1985
--- Subseries 2.2: Financial Records, 1977-1985
--- Subseries 2.3: Artist Contracts and Marketing, 1978-1980, undated
--- Subseries 2.4: Music and Distribution Contracts, 1977-1989
Series 3: Westbrooks Professional Management/Ascent Music Inc., 1985-2012
--- Subseries 3.1: Artists and Licensing, 1985-2012
--- Subseries 3.2: Senegal, 1987-1998
Series 4: Personal Papers, 1936-2015, undated
--- Subseries 4.1: Biographical; Education (listed chronologically), 1937-2012
--- Subseries 4.2: California State University, 1977-2006
--- Subseries 4.3: Professional and Philanthropic Activities, 1970-2014, undated
--- Subseries 4.4: Miscellaneous Correspondence, 1977-2005
--- Subseries 4.5: Books and Publications, 1979-2000s, undated
--- Subseries 4.6: Church of God in Christ (listed alphabetically), 1936-2013, undated
--- Subseries 4.7: Publicity and Press Clippings, 1970-2012
--- Subseries 4.8: Printed Ephemera, Miscellaneous, 1973-2015
Series 5: Photographs, 1939-2012, undated
--- Subseries 5.1: Events
--- Subseries 5.2: COGIC
--- Subseries 5.3: Personal
--- Subseries 5.4: Artist Publicity Portraits
--- Subseries 5.5: Slides
--- Subseries 5.6: 2016 Accrual
Series 6: Oversize Awards and Publicity, 1955-2015
--- Subseries 6.1: Awards (chronological), 1955-2015
--- Subseries 6.2: Memorabilia, 1978
--- Subseries 6.3: Marketing and Publicity Materials (chronological), 1974-1995
--- Subseries 6.4: Periodicals and Clippings (chronological), 1955-2013
Series 7: Memorabilia, 1958-2016, undated
Series 8: Posters, 1956-2013, undated
Series 9: Audiovisual, 1967-2016, undated
--- Subseries 9.1: Audiorecordings, Test Pressing, Non-commercial, 1978-1979, undated
--- Subseries 9.2: Audiorecordings, LP, Commercial, 1967-1980
--- Subseries 9.3: Audiorecordings, 45 RPM, Commercial, 1968-1980
--- Subseries 9.4: Audiorecordings, Open Reel Tape, Non-commercial, 1969-1981, undated
--- Subseries 9.5: Audiorecordings, Audiocassette, Commercial and Non-commercial, 1972-1982
--- Subseries 9.6: Audiorecordings, CD, Commercial and Non-commercial, 1971-2001
--- Subseries 9.7: Videocordings, DVD/DVD-R, Commercial and Non-commercial, 2005-2010, undated
--- Subseries 9.8: Videorecordings, VHS and U-matic, Non-commercial, 1979-2004
--- Subseries 9.9: Videorecordings, Digital File, Non-commercial, 2014
Series 10: Indiana University Events, January 19-February 28, 2013
--- Subseries 10.1: "Bustin' Loose: Breaking Racial Barriers in the Music Industry" Lecture, February 4, 2013
--- Subseries 10.2: "Black Leadership in the Music Industry" Lecture, February 5, 2013
--- Subseries 10.3: Lecture to Monika Herzig's Class, February 6, 2013
--- Subseries 10.4: Informal Luncheon with African American Students at IU, February 6, 2013
--- Subseries 10.5: Lecture to Fred McElroy's Class, February 6, 2013
--- Subseries 10.6: Hutton Honors College dinner and discussion, February 6, 2013
--- Subseries 10.7: Exhibit, "Logan Westbrooks: Music Industry Executive, Entrepreneur, Teacher, Philanthropist," January 19-February 28, 2013
--- Subseries 10.8: Exhibit, "The Evolution of the Black Music Industry," February 1-28, 2013
--- Subseries 10.9: Interview with AAAMC Staff, February 5, 2013
--- Subseries 10.10: Publicity Materials and Event Coverage, 2013
Series 11: 2016 accrual, 1975-2016, undated
Rules or conventions:
Describing Archives: A Content Standard

Access

RESTRICTIONS:

Use of time-based media materials (audio and video) may require production of listening or viewing copies.

Access to streaming audio, moving image, and full resolution digital image materials may currently be restricted to researchers who can authenticate with an IU account or who are physically present on campus. Remote streaming to individual researchers may be allowed with the completion of applicable forms.

For further information about access to online audiovisual materials, contact AAAMC staff at aaamc@indiana.edu.

TERMS OF ACCESS:

Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, including but not limited to the Indiana Public Records Act (5-14-3-2 et seq.). Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g., a cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning an individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which Indiana University assumes no responsibility.

Copyright is retained by the creators/authors of items in this collection, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. All requests for copying and publishing materials must be submitted in writing to the Archives of African American Music and Culture, and may require the written permission of the creator(s)/author(s) or donor(s).

PREFERRED CITATION:

Logan H. Westbrooks Collection, SC 156, Archives of African American Music and Culture, Indiana University, Bloomington.

CAMPUS:
Indiana University Bloomington
LOCATION OF THIS COLLECTION:
Smith Research Center, Rooms 180-181
2805 East 10th Street
Bloomington, Indiana 47408-2601, United States
CAMPUS:
Indiana University Bloomington
CONTACT:
812-855-8547
aaamc@indiana.edu