Alice Garrigue Masaryk, 1879-1966, was a Czech sociologist. She was born on May 3, 1879, the daughter of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, 1850-1937, president of the Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1935), and his wife Charlotte Garrigue. Alice's brother Jan Masaryk served as the Foreign Minister of Czechoslovakia from 1940 to 1948. After graduating from high school in 1898, Alice enrolled in the Faculty of Medicine at Charles University in Prague, one of very few women to do so. She later switched to the Faculty of Arts, furthered her studies in London, Berlin, and Leipzig, and received her Doctorate in 1903. She then traveled to the United States to study at the University of Chicago Social Settlement (UCSS), where she met Julia Lathrop, Mary McDowell and Jane Addams. After returning to Czechoslovakia in 1907, Masaryk worked as a teacher in Prague and České Budějovice until 1910. During World War I, she was arrested and accused of treason by the Austro-Hungarian Empire for failing to produce political papers belonging to her father, who had been advocating for Czechoslovak independence. She spent eight months in prison in Vienna before she was released. When the Czechoslovakian Republic was founded on October 28, 1918, Alice was named a member of parliament, and she acted as the first lady of the state after her mother's death in 1923. In 1919, Alice founded the Czechoslovak Red Cross (Československý červený kříž) and served as its president until the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1938. She was exiled to the United States for the duration of World War II, returned to Czechoslovakia briefly after the war, but was forced into exile a second time when the Soviet Union seized control of the country in 1948. Masaryk spent the remainder of her life in the United States, advocating for a democratic Czechoslovakia. She died on November 29, 1966.